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Mapping the Mycelial Network
A North American Distribution of Psychoactive Fungi
by John W. Allen, Jochen Gartz and Gaston Guzman
The Resonance Project
Issue 2, Winter 1997/98
It's only been forty years since R. Gordon Wasson rediscovered the traditional use of hallucinogenic fungi in Mesoamerica, but in that time more than 160 species of psilocybian mushrooms have been identified worldwide (Allen, Gartz & Guzm·n, 1998 [1992]). In 1957, only seven species were recognized within the scientific community, and outside of Mesoamerica their existence was known to only a small handful of scientists who investigated their restricted use among several groups of indigenous peoples native to Southern Mexico; primarily within the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
To this day, researchers have identified the existence of hallucinogenic psilocybian mushrooms as far north as Alaska and Siberia in the Northern Hemisphere, and as far south as Chile and Australia in the austral floral zone. Psilocybian mushrooms grow from California in the western United States to China and Japan in the east. Since the ecological and geographical distribution of the more than 160 species of hallucinogenic mushrooms is so vast and diverse, we have decided to present a georaphical table of their distribution.
The following article presents a detailed listing of the various species of mushrooms which can be found from state to state in both the United States and Canada. A country by country listing of global distribution is also in the works, and will be available soon. References and more information are given at the end of the article.
UNITED STATES
[A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [H] [I] [J] [K] [L] [M] [N] [O] [P] [Q] [R] [S] [T] [U] [V] [W] [X] [Y] [Z]
Alabama
Psilocybe caerulescens Murr. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Alaska
Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield. (Guzm·n, 1983; Stamets, 1996).
Panaeolus ater (Lange) Khner & Romagnesi. (Pollock, 1976).
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome. (Miller et al., 1982).
California (San Francisco to Oregon)
Psilocybe azurescens Stamets Gartz. (Stamets, 1996). (Introduced).
Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe pelliculosa (Smith) SInger & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe semilanceata Fr.)
Kummer. Psilocybe stuntzii Guzm·n & Ott. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Gymnopilus aeruginosus (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Gymnopilus luteofolius (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Colorado
Conocybe cyanopus (Atkins) Kuhner. (Stamets, 1993).
Florida
Psilocybe caerulescens Murr. (Jacobs, 1975).
Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe mammilata (Murr.) Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe tampanensis Guzm·n & Pollock. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Copelandia cyanescens (Bk. & Br.) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Copelandia chlorocystis Singer & Weeks. (Weeks et al., 1979).
Gymnopilus luteofolius (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Georgia
Psilocybe weilii nom. prov. Guzm·n, Tapia & Stamets. (Stamets, 1996).
Hawaii
Copelandia cyanesens (Bk. & Br.) Singer. (Merlin & Allen, 1993).
Copelandia tropicalis (Ola¼h) Singer & Weeks. (Merlin & Allen, 1993).
Copelandia cambodginiensis (Ola¼h et Heim) Singer & Weeks. (Merlin & Allen, 1993).
Copelandia bispora Male”on & Bertault. (Merlin & Allen, 1993).
Copelandia anomala Murrill. (Merlin & Allen, 1993).
Panaeolus subbalteatus (Bk. & Br.) Sacc. (Merlin & Allen, 1993).
Idaho
Psilocybe fimetaria (Orton) Watling. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe pelliculosa Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe silvatica (Peck) Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome.
Gymnopilus aeruginosus (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Illinois
Pluteus salicinus (Pers.:Fr.) Kummer. (Gartz, 1996).
Louisiana
Psilocybe caerulescens Murr. (Jacobs, 1975).
Copelandia cyanescens (Bk. & Br.) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Maine
Psilocybe caerulipes (Peck) Sacc. (Singer & Smith, 1958).
Panaeolus papillionaceus (Bull.:Fr.) Qu»l. (Gartz, 1996).
Maryland
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome. (Singer, et al., 1958).
Massachusetts
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome. (Singer, et al., 1958).
Gymnopilus spectabilis (Fr.) Smith=G. junonius (Fr.) Orton. (Pollock, 1976).
Michigan
Psilocybe caerulipes (Peck) Sacc. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe liniformans var. americana Guzm·n & Stamets. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe silvatica (Peck) Singer & Smith. (Stamets, 1996).
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome. (Singer et al., 1958).
Conocybe smithii Watling. (Stamets, 1993).
Gymnopilus aeruginosus (Peck) Singer. (Hatfield et al., 1978).
Gymnopilus luteofolius (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Gymnopilus luteus (Peck) Hesler. (Hatfield et al., 1978).
Gymnopilus validipes (Peck) Hesler. (Hatfield et al., 1978).
Mississippi
Psilocybe caerulescens Murr. (Jacobs, 1975).
Missouri
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome. (Pollock, 1976).
New Jersey
Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe graveolens Peck. (Guzm·n, 1983).
New Mexico
Psilocybe azurescens Stamets Gartz. (Stamets, 1996). (Introduced).
Gymnopilus luteofolius (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
New York
Psilocybe caerulipes (Peck) Sacc. (Guzm·n, 1983)
Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr.:Secr.) Kummer. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe silvatica (Peck) Singer & Smith. (Stamets, 1996).
Panaeolus papillionaceus (Bull.:Fr.) Qu»l. (Gartz, 1996).
Conocybe cyanopus (Atk.) K½hn. (Gartz, 1996).
Gymnopilus luteofolius (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Gymnopilus validipes (Peck) Hesler. (Hesler, 1969).
North Carolina
Psilocybe caerulipes (Peck) Sacc. (Singer & Smith, 1958).
Oregon
Psilocybe baeocystis Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe cyanafibrillosa Guzm·n & Stamets.
Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe fimetaria (Orton) Watling. (Stamets, 1996).
Psilocybe liniformans var. americana Guzm·n & Stamets. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe pelliculosa (Smith) Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr.) Kummer. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe silvatica (Peck) Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe strictipes Singer & Smith=Psilocybe callosa. (Stamets, 1996).
Psilocybe stuntzii Guzm·n & Ott. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe subfimetaria Guzm·n & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome. (Ott & Guzm·n, 1976).
Conocybe cyanopus (Atkins) Kuhner. Conocybe smithii Watling. (Stamets, 1996).
Gymnopilus aeruginosus (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Ohio
Psilocybe azurescens Stamets Gartz. (Stamets, 1996). (Introduced).
Psilocybe caerulipes (Peck) Sacc. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome. (Pollock, 1976).
Gymnopilus spectabilis (Fr.) Smith=G. junonius (Fr.) Orton.
Gymnopilus aeruginosus (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Pennsylvania
Gymnopilus aeruginosus (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Tennessee
Psilocybe caerulipes (Peck) Sacc. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Gymnopilus aeruginosus (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Gymnopilus luteofolius (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Texas
Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer. (Alexopolous & Jackson, 1976.
Gymnopilus luteofolius (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Vermont
Psilocybe azurescens Stamets Gartz. (Stamets, 1996). (Introduced).
Washington
Psilocybe baeocystis Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe cyanafibrillosa Guzm·n & Stamets. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe fimetaria (Orton) Watling. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe liniformans var. americana Guzm·n & Stamets. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe pelliculosa (Smith) Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr.) Kummer. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe silvatica (Peck) Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe strictipes Singer & Smith=Psilocybe callosa. (Stamets, 1996).
Psilocybe stuntzii Guzm·n & Ott. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome.
Conocybe cyanopus (Atkins) Kuhner. (Stamets, 1996).
Conocybe smithii Watling. (Stamets, 1996).
Gymnopilus aeruginosus (Peck) Singer. (Hatfield et al., 1978).
Gymnopilus viridans Murrill. (Ammirati et al., 1985).
Wisconsin
Psilocybe azurescens Stamets Gartz. (Stamets, 1996). (Introduced).
CANADA
British Columbia Psilocybe baeocystis Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe cyanafibrillosa Guzm·n & Stamets.
Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe fimetaria (Orton) Watling. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe pelliculosa (Smith) Singer & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr.) Kummer. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe silvatica (Peck) Singer & Smith.
Psilocybe strictipes Singer & Smith=Psilocybe callosa. (Stamets, 1996).
Psilocybe stuntzii Guzm·n & Ott. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Psilocybe subfimetaria Guzm·n & Smith. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome.
Conocybe cyanopus (Atkins) Kuhner. (Stamets, 1993).
Gymnopilus luteofolius (Peck) Singer. (Stamets, 1996).
Ontario Psilocybe silvatica (Peck) Singer & Smith. (Singer & Smith, 1958).
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome. (Pollock, 1976).
Gymnopilus viridans Murrill. (Hatfield et al., 1978).
Quebec Psilocybe caerulipes (Peck) Sacc. (Singer & Smith, 1958).
Psilocybe quebecensis Ola¼h & Heim. (Guzm·n, 1983).
Panaeolus subbalteatus Berkeley & Broome. (Pollock, 1976).
New Brunswick Psilocybe fimetaria (Orton) Watling. (Stamets, 1996).
Other books by John W. Allen:
Magic Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest
Maria Sabina: Saint Mother of the Mushrooms
Wasson's First Voyage: The Rediscovery of Entheogenic Mushrooms
Some Recent Notes and Observations on the Occurrence and Use of Entheogenic Fungi in Third World Countries
John W. Allen Books available through Raver Books, 4748 University Way NE4748 University Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105. (206) 346-0378 ecstacy@pulpfiction.com. Mushroom John: http://www.pulpfiction.com/rave/shroomy.html
John W. Allen can be reached c/o Beauty and the Books, 4213 University Way, Seattle, Washington, 98105. Jochen Gartz can be reached c/o the University of Leipzig, Biotechnology- Fungal Biotransformation, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318, Leipzig, Germany. GastŪn Guzm·n can be reached c/o Instituto de Ecologia, A.C., Km. 2.5 Antigua Carretera a Coatepec, Apartado Postal 63, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91000, Mexico.
©Copyright Resonant Media, 1998. All rights reserved.
| Last Modified - Wed, Mar 3, 2004 | Used by Erowid with Permission of TRP |
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